客户端之间的非独立和相同分布（非IID）数据分布被视为降低联合学习（FL）性能的关键因素。处理非IID数据（如个性化FL和联邦多任务学习（FMTL）的几种方法对研究社区有很大兴趣。在这项工作中，首先，我们使用Laplacian正规化制定FMTL问题，明确地利用客户模型之间的关系进行多任务学习。然后，我们介绍了FMTL问题的新视图，首次表明配制的FMTL问题可用于传统的FL和个性化FL。我们还提出了两种算法FEDU和DFEDU，分别解决了通信集中和分散方案中的配制FMTL问题。从理论上讲，我们证明了两种算法的收敛速率实现了用于非凸起目标的强大凸起和载位加速的线性加速。实验，我们表明我们的算法优于FL设置的传统算法FedVG，在FMTL设置中的Mocha，以及个性化流程中的PFEDME和PER-FEDAVG。

Federated learning (FL) is a decentralized and privacy-preserving machine learning technique in which a group of clients collaborate with a server to learn a global model without sharing clients' data. One challenge associated with FL is statistical diversity among clients, which restricts the global model from delivering good performance on each client's task. To address this, we propose an algorithm for personalized FL (pFedMe) using Moreau envelopes as clients' regularized loss functions, which help decouple personalized model optimization from the global model learning in a bi-level problem stylized for personalized FL. Theoretically, we show that pFedMe's convergence rate is state-of-the-art: achieving quadratic speedup for strongly convex and sublinear speedup of order 2/3 for smooth nonconvex objectives. Experimentally, we verify that pFedMe excels at empirical performance compared with the vanilla FedAvg and Per-FedAvg, a meta-learning based personalized FL algorithm.

客户的评论在在线购物中起着至关重要的作用。人们经常参考以前客户的评论或评论，以决定是否购买新产品。赶上这种行为，有些人会为骗子的客户创建不真实的评论，以了解产品的假质量。这些评论称为垃圾邮件评论，它使消费者在在线购物平台上混淆，并对在线购物行为产生负面影响。我们提出了称为Vispamreviews的数据集，该数据集具有严格的注释程序，用于检测电子商务平台上的垃圾邮件评论。我们的数据集由两个任务组成：用于检测评论是否为垃圾邮件的二进制分类任务以及用于识别垃圾邮件类型的多类分类任务。Phobert在这两个任务上均以宏平均F1分别获得了最高的结果，分别为88.93％和72.17％。

联邦学习（FL）最近成为网络攻击检测系统的有效方法，尤其是在互联网上（物联网）网络。通过在IOT网关中分配学习过程，FL可以提高学习效率，降低通信开销并增强网络内人检测系统的隐私。在这种系统中实施FL的挑战包括不同物联网中的数据特征的标记数据和不可用的不可用。在本文中，我们提出了一种新的协作学习框架，利用转移学习（TL）来克服这些挑战。特别是，我们开发一种新颖的协作学习方法，使目标网络能够有效地和快速学习来自拥有丰富标记数据的源网络的知识。重要的是，最先进的研究要求网络的参与数据集具有相同的特征，从而限制了入侵检测系统的效率，灵活性以及可扩展性。但是，我们所提出的框架可以通过在各种深度学习模型中交换学习知识来解决这些问题，即使他们的数据集具有不同的功能。关于最近的真实网络安全数据集的广泛实验表明，与基于最先进的深度学习方法相比，拟议的框架可以提高超过40％。

在本文中，我们研究了一个通用贝叶斯估计的学习率，在一个通用的环境中，假设类可以是不可数的并且具有不规则形状，损失函数可以具有重尾，最佳假设可能不是唯一的。我们证明，在多尺寸的伯尔尼斯坦的病情下，广义的后验分布集中在最佳假设围绕和广义贝叶斯估计器可以实现快速学习率。我们的结果适用于标准贝叶斯线性回归对重尾部分布稳健。

While the capabilities of autonomous systems have been steadily improving in recent years, these systems still struggle to rapidly explore previously unknown environments without the aid of GPS-assisted navigation. The DARPA Subterranean (SubT) Challenge aimed to fast track the development of autonomous exploration systems by evaluating their performance in real-world underground search-and-rescue scenarios. Subterranean environments present a plethora of challenges for robotic systems, such as limited communications, complex topology, visually-degraded sensing, and harsh terrain. The presented solution enables long-term autonomy with minimal human supervision by combining a powerful and independent single-agent autonomy stack, with higher level mission management operating over a flexible mesh network. The autonomy suite deployed on quadruped and wheeled robots was fully independent, freeing the human supervision to loosely supervise the mission and make high-impact strategic decisions. We also discuss lessons learned from fielding our system at the SubT Final Event, relating to vehicle versatility, system adaptability, and re-configurable communications.

We present Muse, a text-to-image Transformer model that achieves state-of-the-art image generation performance while being significantly more efficient than diffusion or autoregressive models. Muse is trained on a masked modeling task in discrete token space: given the text embedding extracted from a pre-trained large language model (LLM), Muse is trained to predict randomly masked image tokens. Compared to pixel-space diffusion models, such as Imagen and DALL-E 2, Muse is significantly more efficient due to the use of discrete tokens and requiring fewer sampling iterations; compared to autoregressive models, such as Parti, Muse is more efficient due to the use of parallel decoding. The use of a pre-trained LLM enables fine-grained language understanding, translating to high-fidelity image generation and the understanding of visual concepts such as objects, their spatial relationships, pose, cardinality etc. Our 900M parameter model achieves a new SOTA on CC3M, with an FID score of 6.06. The Muse 3B parameter model achieves an FID of 7.88 on zero-shot COCO evaluation, along with a CLIP score of 0.32. Muse also directly enables a number of image editing applications without the need to fine-tune or invert the model: inpainting, outpainting, and mask-free editing. More results are available at https://muse-model.github.io

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) captures cross-sectional data and is used for the screening, monitoring, and treatment planning of retinal diseases. Technological developments to increase the speed of acquisition often results in systems with a narrower spectral bandwidth, and hence a lower axial resolution. Traditionally, image-processing-based techniques have been utilized to reconstruct subsampled OCT data and more recently, deep-learning-based methods have been explored. In this study, we simulate reduced axial scan (A-scan) resolution by Gaussian windowing in the spectral domain and investigate the use of a learning-based approach for image feature reconstruction. In anticipation of the reduced resolution that accompanies wide-field OCT systems, we build upon super-resolution techniques to explore methods to better aid clinicians in their decision-making to improve patient outcomes, by reconstructing lost features using a pixel-to-pixel approach with an altered super-resolution generative adversarial network (SRGAN) architecture.

Compliance in actuation has been exploited to generate highly dynamic maneuvers such as throwing that take advantage of the potential energy stored in joint springs. However, the energy storage and release could not be well-timed yet. On the contrary, for multi-link systems, the natural system dynamics might even work against the actual goal. With the introduction of variable stiffness actuators, this problem has been partially addressed. With a suitable optimal control strategy, the approximate decoupling of the motor from the link can be achieved to maximize the energy transfer into the distal link prior to launch. However, such continuous stiffness variation is complex and typically leads to oscillatory swing-up motions instead of clear launch sequences. To circumvent this issue, we investigate decoupling for speed maximization with a dedicated novel actuator concept denoted Bi-Stiffness Actuation. With this, it is possible to fully decouple the link from the joint mechanism by a switch-and-hold clutch and simultaneously keep the elastic energy stored. We show that with this novel paradigm, it is not only possible to reach the same optimal performance as with power-equivalent variable stiffness actuation, but even directly control the energy transfer timing. This is a major step forward compared to previous optimal control approaches, which rely on optimizing the full time-series control input.

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss in the world, and early DR detection is necessary to prevent vision loss and support an appropriate treatment. In this work, we leverage interactive machine learning and introduce a joint learning framework, termed DRG-Net, to effectively learn both disease grading and multi-lesion segmentation. Our DRG-Net consists of two modules: (i) DRG-AI-System to classify DR Grading, localize lesion areas, and provide visual explanations; (ii) DRG-Expert-Interaction to receive feedback from user-expert and improve the DRG-AI-System. To deal with sparse data, we utilize transfer learning mechanisms to extract invariant feature representations by using Wasserstein distance and adversarial learning-based entropy minimization. Besides, we propose a novel attention strategy at both low- and high-level features to automatically select the most significant lesion information and provide explainable properties. In terms of human interaction, we further develop DRG-Net as a tool that enables expert users to correct the system's predictions, which may then be used to update the system as a whole. Moreover, thanks to the attention mechanism and loss functions constraint between lesion features and classification features, our approach can be robust given a certain level of noise in the feedback of users. We have benchmarked DRG-Net on the two largest DR datasets, i.e., IDRID and FGADR, and compared it to various state-of-the-art deep learning networks. In addition to outperforming other SOTA approaches, DRG-Net is effectively updated using user feedback, even in a weakly-supervised manner.